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Table of Contents
Why this book?
PDF Free 3rd Edition Oxford Handbook of Clinical Pharmacy by Philip Wiffen is Completing the guidelines in the British National Formulary, the third edition of the Oxford Handbook of Clinical Pharmacy remains an indispensable guide to clinical pharmacy, providing all the information needed for practice and the student pharmacist. This quick reference provides easy practical guidance in a bullet point format to provide readers with the knowledge and confidence needed to provide a clinical pharmacy service.
This widely-revised addition to the best-selling Oxford Handbook series, including key information on controlled medications, drug reactions, communication, communication skills, and privacy, is a key pharmacy tool. These include restrictions, anaphylaxis, clinical trials, herbal medicine, treatment, patient management, pharmaceutical accounting, research, policy and therapy.
Description:
| Book Name | Oxford Handbook of Clinical Pharmacy |
| Author of Book | Philip Wiffen |
| Edition | 3rd |
| Language | English |
| Format | |
| Price | PDF free |
The concept of pharmaceutical care :
Pharmaceutical care was probably first defined by Mikeal et al. in 1975 as ‘ the care that a given patient requires and receives, which assures safe and rational drug use’. 1 Hepler, in 1988, described pharmaceutical care as ‘ a covenantal relationship between a patient and a practitioner in which the pharmacist performs drug use control functions governed by the awareness of and commitment to the patients’ interest’. 2 The term has caught the imagination of pharmacists and is frequently applied indiscriminately to describe pharmacy activities. The term ‘patient-centred care’ is gaining wider acceptance and is similar in principle.
The widely accepted definition by Hepler and Strand states ‘ Pharmaceutical care is the responsible provision of drug therapy for the purpose of achieving definite outcomes that improve a patient’s quality of life. 3 This definition built on earlier one describing pharmaceutical care as ‘ a practice in which the practitioner takes responsibility for a patient’s drug-related needs and is held accountable for this commitment’. 4 Early in these debates, the issue of drug-related morbidity was seen as a major problem and, in part, led to the final definitions outlined here. Pharmaceutical care differs from traditional drug treatment because it is an explicitly outcome-orientated cooperative systematic approach to providing drug therapy directed not only at clinical outcomes but also at activities of daily life and other dimensions of health-related quality of life. Historically, pharmacists have used a variety of methods to improve drug therapy, including formularies, drug-use reviews, prescriber education, and clinical pharmacy, but these have all been drug or prescription focused. Pharmaceutical care involves the process through which a pharmacist cooperates with a patient and other professionals in designing, implementing, and maintaining a therapeutic plan that will produce specific outcomes for the patient. This, in turn, involves three major functions:
• identifying potential and actual drug-related problems
• resolving actual drug-related problems
• preventing drug-related problems.
Topics of this Edition:
Free Textbook Oxford Handbook of Clinical Pharmacy 3rd Edition covered following topics
Contributors ix
Symbols and abbreviations x
1 Adherence
2 Adverse drug reactions and drug interactions
3 Anaphylaxis
4 Clinical pharmacy skills
5 Clinical trials
6 Controlled drugs
7 Evidence-based medicine
8 Herbal medicines
9 Medical gases
10 Patient management issues
11 Patient-specific issues
12 Pharmaceutical calculations
13 Medicines management
14 Research
15 Therapy-related issues: gastrointestinal
16 Therapy-related issues: cardiovascular system
17 Therapy-related issues: respiratory system
18 Therapy-related issues: central nervous system
19 Therapy-related issues: infections
20 Therapy-related issues: endocrine
21 Therapy-related issues: obstetrics and gynaecology
22 Therapy-related issues: malignant diseases and immunosuppression
23 Therapy-related issues: nutrition and blood
24 Therapy-related issues: musculoskeletal
25 Therapy-related issues: skin
26 Therapy-related issues: palliative care
27 Therapy-related issues: miscellaneous Appendix: Supplementary data
Index 701
Authors:
Oxford Handbook of Clinical Pharmacy 3rd Edition is written by the following authors
- Philip Wiffen
- Marc Mitchell
- Nicola Stoner
Chapter 1
- Introduction to adherence 2
- Assessing adherence 4
- Strategies to improve adherence 6
- Adherence counselling 8
- Writing patient information leaflets 10
Chapter 2
- Introduction to ADRs 14
- Classifi cation of ADRs 15
- Adverse reactions: drug or disease? 16
- Helping patients understand the risk of ADRs 17
- Reporting ADRs 18
- Drug interactions 20
- Managing drug interactions 23
Chapter 3
- Symptoms and signs of anaphylaxis 26
- Treatment of anaphylaxis 28
- Prevention of anaphylaxis 31
Anaphylaxis is defi ned as an immediate systems hypersensitivity event produced by IgE-mediated release of chemicals from mast cells and basophils. Theoretically, prior exposure to the agent is required and the reaction is not dose- or route-related, but in practice anaphylaxis to injected antigen is more frequent, severe, and rapid in onset than the following exposure to oral or topical antigen. Agents which commonly cause anaphylaxis include
• drugs — e.g. penicillins, aspirin
• insect stings — e.g. wasp and bee venoms
• food — e.g. nuts.
Urticaria and angioedema are the most common symptoms (Table 3.1 ) and the absence of these suggests that the reaction may not be anaphylaxis. Airways oedema, bronchospasm, and shock are life-threatening and immediate emergency treatment is usually required. The onset of symptoms following parenteral antigen (including stings) is usually within 5–30min. With oral antigens, there is often a delay. Symptoms usually occur within 2h, but maybe immediate and life-threatening. A late-phase reaction may also occur with recrudescence of symptoms after apparent resolution. Recurrence is a fairly frequent phenomenon and healthcare workers should be aware of this. Patients should not be discharged too quickly as they may require further treatment.
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